Please and Thank-You.
Спасибо (“spa-see-ba”) – Thank-You
Пожалуйста (“pa-zhal-sta”) – Please
Пожалуйста (“pa-zhal-sta”) – You’re Welcome

Yes and No.
Да (“da”) – Yes
Нет (“nyet”) – No

Saying Hello.
Здравствуйте (“zdra-stvooy-tye”) – Hello (Formal)
Привет (“pree-vyet”) – Hi (Informal)

Introducing Yourself.
Меня зовут … (“men-ya za-voot”) – My name is …
Как вас зовут? (“kak vas za-voot”) – What is your name?
Очень приятно (“och-en pree-yat-na”) – Pleased to meet you.

How are you?
Как дела? – How are things?
Хорошо спасибо – Good/Well thank-you
Плохо – Bad

Saying Good-Bye.
До свидания (“da-svee-da-nee-ye”) – Good-bye. (The до is pronounced as if it is part of the next word)
Пока (“pa-ka”) – Bye (Informal, slang)

Asking about languages
Вы говорите по-английски? – Do you (formal) speak English?
Вы говорите по-русски? – Do you (formal) speak Russian?
Я говорю по-английски – I speak English
Я говорю по-русски – I speak Russian
Я понимаю – I understand
Я не понимаю – I don’t understand